Originating in Princeton · 2020Vol. I · No. 1 · Summer 2026Ideas about intelligence.
Academic Area · VIII

Representational Alignment

How biological and artificial systems represent the world and what happens when their representations diverge.

We share a world; whether we represent it in the same way is, on closer inspection, an open question. Representational alignment is the study of when, why and how two intelligent systems (biological or artificial, human or machine) converge on similar internal representations of the same phenomena and of what follows when they do not. From Plato's Sophist to contemporary comparisons of language models with human brains, the question has held interest for millennia and remains, in our experience, a fertile setting in which to bring cognitive science, computational neuroscience and machine learning into the same room. Our work engages the methods by which alignment may be measured, the conditions under which it may be cultivated and the consequences of its absence in cooperation, communication and competition.

Core Questions We Explore
  1. When and why do two intelligent systems converge on the same internal representation of the same set of facts?
  2. By what methods may alignment be measured and which of those methods survive contact with the data?
  3. Under what conditions may alignment be cultivated and at what cost?
  4. What are the consequences of representational misalignment for cooperation, communication and competition?
Upcoming Events

Conferences

Representational alignment was a session of the Fourth Annual Conference and remains a recurring theme; at the AE Global Summit it appears wherever the institutions of measurement come up against the systems they are asked to evaluate.

AE Global Summit →Annual Conference →
Seminars & Community

ThAT Ambassador Programme

The Thinking About Thinking Ambassador Programme is an open, application-based pathway for students and early-career researchers who wish to take part in serious, interdisciplinary conversations about intelligence. Ambassadors support our conferences, workshops, and community initiatives; in turn, they help to extend thoughtful dialogue across universities, disciplines and countries. The programme is designed for those who care, in earnest, about ideas, collaboration, and the construction of intellectual community.

Outstanding ambassadors who, over time, demonstrate sustained contribution, leadership and intellectual engagement may, in due course, be invited into the Thinking About Thinking Fellowship, a private, invitation-only programme reserved for long-term contributors to the work.

Learn More →Explore Fellowship →